中央銀行監管支付及清算系統準則

Central bank oversight of payment and settlement systems

支付及清算系統委員會

Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems

2005年5月

May 2005

A. 一般性監管準則

A. General principles for oversight

一般性監管準則A：透明化

各中央銀行應公開提出其監管政策，包括對各系統的政策要求或標準，以及決定哪些系統應適用上述規定的篩選標準。

General oversight principle A: Transparency

Central banks should set out publicly their oversight policies, including the policy requirements or standards for systems and the criteria for determining which systems these apply to.

一般性監管準則B：國際標準

各中央銀行應採行相關的國際公認支付及清算系統標準。

General oversight principle B: International standards

Central banks should adopt, where relevant, internationally recognised standards for payment and settlement systems.

一般性監管準則C：有效果的權限和執行能力

各中央銀行應有權力及能力，俾有效果地執行其監管職責。

General oversight principle C: Effective powers and capacity

Central banks should have the powers and capacity to carry out their oversight responsibilities effectively.

一般性監管準則D：一致性

監管標準應一致適用於各個類似的支付及清算系統，包括中央銀行所經營者。

General oversight principle D: Consistency

Oversight standards should be applied consistently to comparable payment and settlement systems, including systems operated by the central bank.

一般性監管準則E：與其他主管機構合作

各中央銀行於促進支付及清算系統的安全和效率方面，應與其他相關的中央銀行和主管機構合作。

General oversight principle E: Cooperation with other authorities

Central banks, in promoting the safety and efficiency of payment and settlement systems, should cooperate with other relevant central banks and authorities.

B. 國際合作監管準則

B. Principles for international cooperative oversight

國際合作監管準則1：通報

各中央銀行發現有跨國或多幣別支付或清算系統存在或籌設中時，應通報其他對該系統的設計和管理健全性具有利害關係的中央銀行。

Cooperative oversight principle 1: Notification

Each central bank that has identified the actual or proposed operation of a cross-border or multicurrency payment or settlement system should inform other central banks that may have an interest in the prudent design and management of the system.

國際合作監管準則2：主要職責

跨國和多幣別支付及清算系統，應由願意承擔對該系統主要監管責任的中央銀行負責監管。原則上，該系統所在地的中央銀行負有主要監管責任。

Cooperative oversight principle 2: Primary responsibility

Cross-border and multicurrency payment and settlement systems should be subject to oversight by a central bank which accepts primary responsibility for such oversight, and there should be a presumption that the central bank where the system is located will have this primary responsibility.

國際合作監管準則3：評估整體系統

負主要監管責任的主管機構，在監管支付及清算系統時，應定期評估該系統的整體設計和作業。辦理評估時，應洽會其他相關主管機構。

Cooperative oversight principle 3: Assessment of the system as a whole

In its oversight of a system, the authority with primary responsibility should periodically assess the design and operation of the system as a whole. In doing so it should consult with other relevant authorities.

國際合作監管準則4：清算機制

在評估支付及清算系統對某一幣別的清算流程及清算失敗處理流程的妥適性時，應由發行該幣別的中央銀行與對該系統負主要監管責任的主管機構共同負責。

Cooperative oversight principle 4: Settlement arrangements

The determination of the adequacy of a system’s settlement and failure-to-settle procedures in a currency should be the joint responsibility of the central bank of issue and the authority with primary responsibility for oversight of the system.

國際合作監管準則5：不健全系統

若中央銀行對某一跨國或多幣別支付及清算系統的設計或管理健全性缺乏信心，必要時，應勸阻使用該系統或對該系統提供服務。例如，宣告該類行為係屬不安全及不穩健作業實務。

Cooperative oversight principle 5: Unsound systems

In the absence of confidence in the soundness of the design or management of any crossborder or multicurrency payment or settlement system, a central bank should, if necessary, discourage use of the system or the provision of services to the system, for example by identifying these activities as unsafe and unsound practices.